Fujian Tulou Travel Guide

• 1. What is Fujian Tulou? Where is Fujian Tulou?+

  Fujian Tulou refers to a type of traditional Chinese residential building found in the Fujian province of China. These Tulou buildings are large, fortified structures made of earth, wood, and other materials. They were primarily built by the Hakka people, a group of people in southern China known for their unique culture and architecture.

  Fujian Tulou can be found in various counties and villages across the Fujian province. They are typically located in Nanjing County and Yongding County which are rural areas, nestled amidst the scenic landscapes of mountains, rivers, and fields. Some well-known Tulou clusters include Chengqi Building, Tianluokeng Tulou Cluster, Hekeng Tulou Cluster, Gaobei Tulou Cluster, and Chuxi Tulou Cluster. These clusters offer visitors the opportunity to explore multiple Tulou buildings and experience the rich cultural heritage of the region.

• 2. Why is Fujian Tulou so famous?+

  Fujian Tulou is famous for its unique architecture, cultural significance, and historical value. These remarkable structures showcase the ingenuity and craftsmanship of the Hakka people, reflecting their communal way of life. The defensive features of the Tulou buildings, combined with their harmonious integration with the natural surroundings, have captivated people's interest. Additionally, being designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site has further elevated the fame and recognition of Fujian Tulou on a global scale.

• 3. Do people still live in Fujian Tulou?+

  Yes, most Fujian Tulou buildings are still inhabited by local Hakka communities today. These Tulou serve as both residential dwellings and cultural symbols, preserving the traditions and way of life of the Hakka people. There are many Tulou clusters where residents continue to live, maintaining their ancestral homes and carrying forward the legacy of their communities. This allows visitors to experience the authentic atmosphere and interact with the local residents, gaining insights into the unique Hakka culture.

• 4. How many people can live in a Tulou?+

  A Tulou can accommodate anywhere from a few dozen to eight hundred people. The exact capacity depends on the size and design of the Tulou building. The larger Tulou structures, known as "King of Tulou," can house multiple families or even an entire village. These buildings often have 3 to 5 stories and are divided into separate living units for different households. The communal living spaces within the Tulou allow for shared resources and a sense of community among the residents.

• 5. What materials are Fujian Tulou built with?+

  Fujian Tulou buildings are constructed using materials, including earth, wood, bamboo, stone, and other locally available resources. These materials are used in various aspects of the construction process, such as:

  1). Rammed Earth: The walls of Tulou are typically made of rammed earth, where layers of compacted soil, clay, and sometimes mixed with other materials are used to create solid and sturdy walls.

  2). Bamboo: Bamboo is a versatile material used for the framework, columns, beams, and rafters of Tulou. It provides flexibility, and strength, and is readily available in the region.

  3). Wood: Wood is used for doors, windows, interior partitions, and decorative elements. It adds warmth, aesthetic appeal, and structural support to the Tulou buildings.

  4). Stone: Stone is often used for the foundation and lower levels of the walls to enhance stability and durability. Local stones like granite or volcanic rock are common choices.

  5). Bricks and Tiles: Bricks are occasionally utilized for reinforcing corners or adding decorative elements to Tulou. Tiles are used for roofing, providing protection from the elements.

  6). Thatch: In some older or more traditional Tulou structures, thatched roofs made of straw or other plant materials may be used.

  7). Glutinous rice (sticky rice) is used as a glue or adhesive material in the construction of Fujian Tulou.

• 6. What are the top 10 interesting facts about Fujian Tulou?+

  1). Fujian Tulou is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

  2). Tulou buildings have a history dating back over 1,700 years.

  3). The largest Tulou can have a diameter of over 70 meters.

  4). Tulou were designed to be self-sufficient, with their own water wells and food storage.

  5). Tulou represents the unique architectural style and communal living practices of the Hakka people.

  6). The walls of Tulou can be 2 meters thick, offering excellent defense.

  7). Some Tulou have up to five stories, that adhere to Chinese Fengshui principles.

  8). Tulou were designed to withstand earthquakes and typhoons.

  9). Each Tulou has a central courtyard for communal activities.

  10). Some Tulou architecture combines elements of Chinese and Western styles.

• 7. How to plan a Fujian Tulou tour?+

  To plan a Fujian Tulou tour, consider starting from Xiamen, a convenient gateway to the region. Research reputable tour operators or hire a local guide who can assist with transportation, accommodation, and itinerary planning. Be sure to allocate enough time to visit multiple Tulou clusters, explore the surrounding villages, and immerse yourself in the local culture.

  You can take 1 Day Nanjing Tulou Tour to explore the Tianluokeng Tulou Cluster, Yuchang Building, Taxia Village, and Hekeng Tulou Cluster. You can also take another 1 Day Yongding Tulou Tour to discover the Gaobei Tulou Cluster, Chengqi Building, Qiaofu Building, Chuxi Tulou Cluster, Jiqing Building, and Shanqing Building. You can also take a 2-Day Hakka Tulou Tour to visit both Nanjing Tulou and Yongding Tulou for an in-depth tour according to your time and interests. Sure, if you love Tulou so much you can customize your Tulou tour with more days. Immerse yourself in the history, architecture, and cultural heritage of Fujian Tulou, interact with the locals, and savor the unique experience of this remarkable destination.

• 8. Who are the Hakka people? Who built the Fujian Tulou?+

  The Hakka people are a group of people who built Tulou and live in southern China with a distinct cultural identity. They moved from north China due to the wars and have a long history. They are known for their unique language, Tulou Buildings, customs, and traditions. The Hakka people are known for their industriousness, resilience, and strong sense of community.

  Fujian Tulou, a remarkable architectural complex, was built by the Hakka people. These structures were predominantly constructed during the Song and Ming dynasties (1,700 years ago). The construction of Fujian Tulou was a collective effort by the Hakka communities, who worked together to build fortified dwellings that served as homes, defensive structures, and communal spaces. The Tulou buildings were designed to accommodate multiple families or clans, reflecting the communal living practices and social organization of the Hakka people. Today, Fujian Tulou stands as a testament to the cultural and historical significance of the Hakka community.

• 9. What are the 46 Fujian Tulou buildings listed as World Heritage Sites?+

  The "Fujian Tulou," a World Cultural Heritage site, consists of 46 Tulou buildings in six groups and four buildings in Yongding, Nanjing, and Huian counties of Fujian Province. In Yongding County, there are four Tulou buildings in the Gaobei Tulou Cluster, ten buildings in the Chuxi Tulou Cluster, and seven buildings in the Hongkeng Tulou Cluster, as well as two Tulou buildings named "Yanxiang" and "Zhenfu" in Meilin Town. In Nanjing County, there are five Tulou buildings in the Tianluokeng Tulou Cluster, thirteen buildings in the Hekeng Tulou Cluster, and two Tulou buildings named "Huaiyuan" and "Hegui" in Yunshuiyao Ancient Town. Additionally, in Huian County, there are three Tulou buildings in the Dadi Tulou Cluster. Some notable Tulou clusters are Chengqi Lou, Tianluokeng Tulou Cluster, Gaobei Tulou Cluster, Hekeng Tulou Cluster, and Chuxi Tulou Cluster.

• 10. How to get to Fujian Tulou?+

  To get to Fujian Tulou, you can fly into Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport, which offers domestic and international connections. From Xiamen of Fujian province, you can arrange transportation by bus or hire a private car to reach different Tulou clusters located in various parts of the province.

  From Xiamen to Fujian Tulou:
  1).By Bus: Take a long-distance bus from Xiamen Bus Station to the Tulou sites. Buses are available to various Tulou clusters, including Yongding and Nanjing.
  2).By Train: Take a train from Xiamen Railway Station to Longyan or Nanjing Railway Station, and then transfer to local buses or taxis to reach the Tulou sites.
  3).By Private Transfer: Arrange a private car or taxi to take you directly to the Tulou sites. This option offers convenience and flexibility but may be more expensive.

• 11. How many Fujian Tulou are there?+

  There are over 23,000 Fujian Tulou buildings, built by Hakka people and Minan people, scattered throughout the Fujian province in southern China. There are 3,000 officially recognized Tulou among which 46 Fujian Tulou buildings are listed as World Heritage Sites. These buildings vary in size, shape, color, and architectural style, creating a diverse and fascinating cultural landscape.

• 12. When is the best time to visit Fujian Tulou?+

  The best time to visit Fujian Tulou is generally during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) seasons. During these periods, the weather is pleasant, with mild temperatures and lower chances of rainfall. The spring season offers blooming flowers and lush greenery, while autumn showcases colorful foliage, creating a picturesque golden rice terrace fields backdrop for your visit.

  It's important to note that China Fujian Tulou can be visited year-round, and each season has its own unique charm. However, it's worth considering that summer (June to August) in Fujian can be hot and humid, with occasional typhoons and heavy rainfall. Winter (December to February) tends to be cold, especially in the mountainous areas where some Tulou are located.

  To make the most of your visit, it's advisable to check the weather forecast and plan accordingly. Additionally, be aware that weekends and holidays can be more crowded, so if you prefer a quieter experience, consider visiting on weekdays or during less popular times.

• 13. Any recommendations for Hakka food?+

  When visiting Fujian Tulou, be sure to try some delicious Hakka cuisine. Hakka cuisine is known for its flavorful and hearty dishes. Hakka food showcase the unique flavors and culinary traditions of the Hakka people in Tulou. Here are some popular Hakka dishes that you might enjoy:
  1). Hakka Stuffed Tofu (Yong Tau Foo): Tofu pockets stuffed with a mixture of minced meat, fish paste, or vegetables, served in a flavorful broth or stir-fried. It's a versatile dish with various fillings and dipping sauces.
  2). Hakka Braised Pork Belly (Mei Cai Kou Rou): Tender slices of braised pork belly served with pickled mustard greens (mei cai). The combination of savory and slightly sour flavors makes it a delicious and comforting dish.
  3). Hakka Thunder Tea Rice (Lei Cha Fan): A unique dish consisting of a bowl of steamed rice topped with various vegetables, tofu, peanuts, and a special green tea-based soup. It's a wholesome and nutritious meal.
  4). Hakka Salt-baked Chicken (Yan Ji): Chicken marinated with a blend of spices and wrapped in paper or lotus leaves, then baked with salt. This cooking method helps retain the juiciness and flavor of the chicken.
  5). Hakka Abacus Beads (Suan Pan Zi): A dish made with small, chewy dumplings resembling abacus beads, stir-fried with minced pork, mushrooms, and other vegetables. It's a delicious and visually appealing dish.
  6). Hakka Yam Abacus Beads (Niángāo Suan Pan Zi): Similar to Suan Pan Zi, but made with yam or taro instead of regular flour. It has a unique texture and flavor, often stir-fried with meat and vegetables.

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